We proposed a theoretical design for enhancing light absorption to achieve maximum theoretical photocurrent using front dielectric and back plasmonic wire grating. Using finite element method (FEM) three-dimensional optical model, the optimum size and periodicity of the studied wire grating nanostructures were identified. Additionally, the electrical model revealed a satisfactory enhancement in PCE over that of the planar structure counterpart. The simulation results showed an average enhancement of 22.4% in total generation rate for the entire simulated wavelength, and more than 85% enhancement in narrow-band wavelength compared to the planar structure counterpart. 

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We report a first principles methodology for selecting and comparing optimally nanostructured antireflective coatings for enhancing the efficiency of perovskite solar cells based on Mie theory. The first part of the method includes studying absorption and scattering cross sections of five nanostructures and identifying the role of magnetic and electric dipoles. Accordingly, dimensions of each nanostructure that maximizes light coupling to the solar cell active layer was identified. The second part comprises the study of the coupling effect between closed nanostructures. Using three-dimensional finite element method optical and electrical model, periodicity and dimensions of the proposed nanostructures with the highest generated photocurrent were identified. The results showed 15% enhancement in short circuit current (Jsc) over the entire wavelength band, and up to 27% in narrow band spectrum compared to planar perovskite solar cells. 

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We investigated the effect of using light trapping nanostructures on the absorption, carrier collection, and overall efficiency of perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) solar cells using three dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM) technique. A combined optical-electrical model was constructed to full characterize the proposed devices. Upon the use of nanotubular architecture, the optimized active area absorption enhanced by 6% and the total generation rate increased by 7% compared to the planar architecture. Under one sunlight illumination (AM1.5G), with normal incident angle, the solar cells containing nanostructured light trapping architecture showed a drastic enhancement in the short circuit current (Jsc), the quantum efficiency (EQE), and the overall efficiency compared to the planar film-based solar cell. The obtained enhancements would open a new route for integrating light trapping nanostructures in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite-based solar cells for better efficiency. 

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We used coupled electrical and optical modeling for different combinations of nanostructured CZTS solar cells to guide optimization of such nanostructures. The model is validated by a comparison of simulated I-V curves with previously reported experimental data. A very good agreement is achieved. Simulations are used to demonstrate that nanostructures can be tailored to maximize the absorption, carrier generation, carrier collection, and efficiency in CZTS solar cells. All proposed nanostructured solar cells showed enhancement in the overall conversion efficiency. 

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